French police clashed on Monday with hundreds of black-clad anarchists in Paris and other cities during union-led protests against President Emmanuel Macron’s increase in the retirement age, as workers staged Labour Day rallies across Europe.
In the French capital, demonstrators pelted the police with Molotov cocktails and fireworks, torched ride-sharing bicycles and smashed up bus stops. Protesters who had come to march peacefully booed the police as they responded with tear gas water cannons.
One officer was badly injured when he was struck by a fiery projectile, Interior Minister, Gerald Darmanin, said.
Violence also erupted in Lyon and Nantes, where some vehicles were set ablaze and business premises were trashed.
Macron last month raised the retirement age by two years to 64 despite multi-sector strikes, in a move that drove his popularity down to near the record lows seen during the “Yellow Vest” crisis of 2018-2019.
The reform has crystallised discontent against a president perceived by many as aloof and indifferent to their daily hardships, and he has been met during walkabouts aimed at rebuilding support by heckling and pot banging.
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“They (government) are trying to change the subject quite quickly, but let’s say it’s not working. So much the better!” sculptor Antoine Eveillo told Reuters.
Trade unions had called for a big turnout as they seek to force a U-turn by Macron’s government, which forced its pension law through without a final vote in the National Assembly, where it lacks a working majority.
Opinion polls show a substantial majority of French people oppose the higher retirement age.
“The executive cannot govern without the support of its people,” said Sophie Binet, leader of the hard-left CGT union.
Binet said the CGT had not yet decided whether to participate in talks with the government on other labour-related issues such as salaries, working conditions and hardship benefits.
The moderate CFDT union will take part in those discussions, its leader Laurent Berger said.
But Berger also dismissed suggestions that a rare alliance between the leading trade unions was being tested now that the pension bill had been signed into law.
The pension system is a cornerstone of France’s cherished social protection model.
A banner reading “Retirement before arthritis!” summed up the disgust felt by many at being told to work longer.
Elsewhere in Europe on Monday, Italy’s three main unions rallied in the southern city of Potenza, protesting against a labour package approved by Prime Minister Giorgia Meloni’s rightist government.
During a parade in the Swiss city of Zurich, demonstrators threw water balloons at police and spray-painted properties.
Macron said the French reform is needed to help shore up one of the industrialised world’s most generous pension systems.
French pension payments as a share of pre-retirement earnings are comfortably higher than elsewhere and a French man typically spends longer in retirement than those in other OECD nations.
Retired metalworker Michel Maingy said he felt the battle over pensions was lost. Even so, there were still fights to be won in negotiations over working conditions, he said.
