NCDC raises the alarm as Lassa fever fatality rate climbs to 18.6%

The Nigeria Centre for Disease Control and Prevention (NCDC) has expressed concern over the rising fatality rate of Lassa fever, which has claimed 159 lives in 2025 with a Case Fatality Rate (CFR) of 18.6 percent—higher than the 17.2 percent recorded during the same period last year.

In its week 33 situation report released on Wednesday, the NCDC described the situation as “worsening” and urged urgent, coordinated action to prevent further loss of life.

The report confirmed five new cases across Bauchi, Ondo, and Edo states, down from 12 the previous week.

So far in 2025, 21 states and 106 local government areas have reported confirmed cases, with five states—Ondo (33%), Bauchi (23%), Edo (17%), Taraba (14%), and Ebonyi (3%)—accounting for 99 percent of infections.

The agency noted that the most affected age group is 21–30 years, with a male-to-female ratio of 1:0.8. While suspected and confirmed cases are fewer compared to 2024, no new infections among healthcare workers were reported in week 33.

The NCDC stressed the need for stronger surveillance, improved case management, and robust public health interventions.

It added that the multi-sectoral Lassa fever Technical Working Group continues to coordinate national response efforts.

Calling the high CFR “alarming,” the agency urged state governments, health workers, and the public to remain vigilant.

Lassa fever, a viral haemorrhagic illness endemic to Nigeria, remains a major threat to national health security.

The NCDC said the figures highlight the urgent need for sustained investment in epidemic preparedness and response.